Open research dataset · 2025Multispectral sensing · Indoor perception

IEEE Sensors Journal · First author

Indoor
MS.

IndoorMS: A Multispectral Dataset for Semantic Segmentation in Indoor Scene Understanding

Qinfeng Zhu1,2 Jingjing Xiao3 Lei Fan1,*

1 Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University2 University of Liverpool3 Army Medical University

17Buildings
19Semantic classes
82.38Best benchmark mF1
72.90Best benchmark mIoU

Beyond
visible light.

A benchmark for asking what indoor perception can learn when sensing extends beyond conventional RGB imagery.

Indoor environments contain spectral information that ordinary colour cameras leave unobserved.

Indoor scene understanding is a critical computer-vision task, traditionally built around RGB semantic segmentation. IndoorMS introduces a dedicated multispectral benchmark to investigate the information available beyond the visible spectrum.

The dataset spans 17 buildings and diverse settings including meeting rooms, halls, lounges, offices, corridors and classrooms. Nineteen finely annotated semantic categories support robust evaluation of indoor segmentation models across different spatial layouts and spectral conditions.

Benchmark experiments with leading segmentation frameworks show that ConvNeXt-s with UperNet reaches an mF1 of 82.38 and an mIoU of 72.90, while also exposing class imbalance and domain gaps between RGB and multispectral representations as open research challenges.

A new spectrum
for indoor scenes.

Coverage17 buildings

Multiple sites and room configurations.

Taxonomy19 classes

Fine pixel-level semantic annotations.

Scene types6+ settings

Rooms, halls, lounges, offices, corridors and classrooms.

ModalityMultispectral

Spectral observations beyond standard RGB sensing.

Research roleFirst dedicated indoor benchmark

Designed specifically for multispectral semantic scene understanding rather than repurposed from RGB collections.

Benchmark challengeDomain gap + class imbalance

A testbed for representation learning, multimodal transfer and long-tailed semantic prediction.

From multispectral acquisition to pixel-level prediction: the IndoorMS benchmark workflow.Click to enlarge ↗

One room.
Three ways to see it.

Multispectral data, pseudo-colour visualisation and dense semantic annotation across lounge, corridor and classroom scenes.Click to enlarge ↗

Methods, results
and analysis.

Use the
dataset.

Open repository

Dataset, code and documentation.

Visit the official repository for data access, benchmark resources and project updates.

Publication

IEEE Sensors Journal.

Read the peer-reviewed paper for acquisition details, benchmark protocols, results and open research questions.

Build on
this work.

@article{10965893,
  author  = {Zhu, Qinfeng and Xiao, Jingjing and Fan, Lei},
  journal = {IEEE Sensors Journal},
  title   = {IndoorMS: A Multispectral Dataset for Semantic Segmentation in Indoor Scene Understanding},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1109/JSEN.2025.3559348}
}